Brett A. McGuire

Ph.D. Physical Chemistry 2014
California Institute of Technology
M.S. Physical Chemistry 2011
Emory University
B.S. Chemistry 2009
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Ph.D. Physical Chemistry 2014
California Institute of Technology
M.S. Physical Chemistry 2011
Emory University
B.S. Chemistry 2009
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
NASA missions have found some of the most chemically diverse organic materials ever detected in astronomical environments yet there is no agreed upon chemical pathway as to their formation. We know from meteorites and, more recently, cometary samples returned by the STARDUST mission that amino acids, the building blocks of life as we understand it, are present in extraterrestrial sources (Elsila et al. 2009). In the last decade, complex gas-grain chemical models have become widely used tools in the attempt to understand the chemical pathways that can result in the species observed and their abundances in interstellar environments. A key goal of these models is to attempt to predict the most likely chemical pathways for the formation of life-essential molecules, such as amino acids. While such methods are valuable, they suffer both from a lack of laboratory data and a lack of observational data with which to constrain them. Thus, laboratory studies and observational follow-ups are vital.
In the laboratory, I have recently constructed a spectrometer to measure the far-infrared (THz) absorption spectra of interstellar ice analogs. Such ices may be the dominant source of complex molecule formation in the ISM, and yet their compositions are largely unknown due to the difficulty of characterizing them using known infrared spectra. The THz region of the spectrum, which overlaps well with the new SOFIA observatory’s capabilities, provides the opportunity for unambiguous observation and characterization of these ices once laboratory data are known. We have recently produced the first results from this instrument by recording the THz spectra of water ice, the most abundant interstellar ice species, and are in the process of expanding to mixtures of ices which include simple species such as CO and CO2, as well as more complex species such as methanol and methyl formate.
I am also a member of a team of astronomers working to expand our knowledge of the gas-phase chemical inventories in the ISM through the Prebiotic Molecular Survey of the Sgr B2(N) star-forming region. As a result, I have published the first detection of carbodiimide (HNCNH) in space, which was observed through masing transitions, and am actively involved in the analysis of a number of other new molecular species. Through observational programs such as this, which rely heavily on complimentary laboratory efforts, I hope to shed light on the processes which can give rise to species such as glycine in the ISM.